New observations of the intermediate depth circulation in the tropical Atlantic

The intermediate depth (around 1000 m) circulation in the interior tropical Atlantic has been described as several narrow flow bands. Due to a lack of data, these currents have previously been poorly resolved in space and time. Recent observations, obtained during the mid-1997 Seward Johnson cruise and from PALACE floats which cover the period Summer 1997 to Spring 2000, allow a more detailed description of the intermediate depth circulation in the tropical Atlantic. The PALACE trajectories display several well defined currents between the equator and 4N at 800 to 1100 m. Two regimes separated by the eastern edge of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge seem to exist at these latitudes. Velocities in the eastern regime are lower than in the western regime and at some latitudes, the zonal flow in the two regimes is going in opposite directions. Farther south, between 4S and 2S, westward velocities of the central South Equatorial Current dominate the circulation. The flow north of 4N and south of 4S is governed by up to several month-long periods of eastward or westward flow, with only weak preferences for either direction. The southern region is characterized by the (meandering) transition between the central South Equatorial Current and the South Equatorial Countercurrent. It has been proposed earlier that these two currents do not extend eastward beyond about 10W, and that the intermediate water follows a cyclonic path east of 10W between about 5S and 25S. This could be interpreted as an intermediate expression of the Angola Gyre. Such a circulation is not found in the present data set. It is also noted that no significant cross-equatorial flow is found in the PALACE data

Pattern Matching with Variables: Fast Algorithms and New Hardness Results

A pattern (i. e., a string of variables and terminals) maps to a word, if this is obtained by uniformly replacing the variables by terminal words; deciding this is NP-complete. We present efficient algorithmsfootnote{The computational model we use is the standard unit-cost RAM with logarithmic word size. Also, all logarithms appearing in our time complexity evaluations are in base 2.} that solve this problem for restricted classes of patterns. Furthermore, we show that it is NP-complete to decide, for a given number k and a word w, whether w can be factorised into k distinct factors; this shows that the injective version (i.e., different variables are replaced by different words) of the above matching problem is NP-complete even for very restricted cases

High-frequency silicon-germanium reconfigurable circuits for radar, communication, and radiometry applications

The objective of the proposed research is to create new reconfigurable RF and millimeter-wave circuit topologies that enable significant systems benefits. The market of RF systems has long evolved under a paradigm where once a system is built, performance cannot be changed. Companies have recognized that building flexibility into RF systems and providing mechanisms to reconfigure the RF performance can enable significant benefits, including: the ability support multiple modulation schemes and standards, the reduction of product size and overdesign, the ability to adapt to environmental conditions, the improvement in spectrum utilization, and the ability to calibrate, characterize, and monitor system performance. This work demonstrates X-band LNA designs with the ability to change the frequency of operation, improve linearity, and digitally control the tradeoff between performance and power dissipation. At W-band frequencies, a novel device configuration is developed, which significantly improves state-of-the-art silicon-based switch performance. The excellent switch performance is leveraged to address major issues in current millimeter-wave systems. A front-end built-in-self-test switch topology is developed to facilitate the characterization of millimeter-wave transceivers without expensive millimeter-wave equipment. A highly integrated Dicke radiometer is also created to enable sensitive measurements of thermal noise.Ph.D

Revisiting Shinohara's algorithm for computing descriptive patterns

A pattern α is a word consisting of constants and variables and it describes the pattern language L(α) of all words that can be obtained by uniformly replacing the variables with constant words. In 1982, Shinohara presents an algorithm that computes a pattern that is descriptive for a finite set S of words, i.e., its pattern language contains S in the closest possible way among all pattern languages. We generalise Shinohara’s algorithm to subclasses of patterns and characterise those subclasses for which it is applicable. Furthermore, within this set of pattern classes, we characterise those for which Shinohara’s algorithm has a polynomial running time (under the assumption P 6= N P). Moreover, we also investigate the complexity of the consistency problem of patterns, i.e., finding a pattern that separates two given finite sets of words

Mannosidosis: two brothers with different degrees of disease severity

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65926/1/j.1399-0004.1981.tb01829.x.pd

Different forms of African cassava mosaic virus capsid protein within plants and virions

One geminiviral gene encodes the capsid protein (CP), which can appear as several bands after electrophoresis depending on virus and plant. African cassava mosaic virus-Nigeria CP in Nicotiana benthamiana, however, yielded one band (~ 30 kDa) in total protein extracts and purified virions, although its expression in yeast yielded two bands (~ 30, 32 kDa). Mass spectrometry of the complete protein and its tryptic fragments from virions is consistent with a cleaved start M1, acetylated S2, and partial phosphorylation at T12, S25 and S62. Mutants for additional potentially modified sites (N223A; C235A) were fully infectious and formed geminiparticles. Separation in triton acetic acid urea gels confirmed charge changes of the CP between plants and yeast indicating differential phosphorylation. If the CP gene alone was expressed in plants, multiple bands were observed like in yeast. A high turnover rate indicates that post-translational modifications promote CP decay probably via the ubiquitin-triggered proteasomal pathway

The Single-Case Reporting Guideline In BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 statement

We developed a reporting guideline to provide authors with guidance about what should be reported when writing a paper for publication in a scientific journal using a particular type of research design: the single-case experimental design. This report describes the methods used to develop the Single-Case Reporting guideline In BEhavioural interventions (SCRIBE) 2016. As a result of 2 online surveys and a 2-day meeting of experts, the SCRIBE 2016 checklist was developed, which is a set of 26 items that authors need to address when writing about single-case research. This article complements the more detailed SCRIBE 2016 Explanation and Elaboration article (Tate et al., 2016) that provides a rationale for each of the items and examples of adequate reporting from the literature. Both these resources will assist authors to prepare reports of single-case research with clarity, completeness, accuracy, and transparency. They will also provide journal reviewers and editors with a practical checklist against which such reports may be critically evaluated. We recommend that the SCRIBE 2016 is used by authors preparing manuscripts describing single-case research for publication, as well as journal reviewers and editors who are evaluating such manuscripts.Funding for the SCRIBE project was provided by the Lifetime Care and Support Authority of New South Wales, Australia. The funding body was not involved in the conduct, interpretation or writing of this work. We acknowledge the contribution of the responders to the Delphi surveys, as well as administrative assistance provided by Kali Godbee and Donna Wakim at the SCRIBE consensus meeting. Lyndsey Nickels was funded by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT120100102) and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders (CE110001021). For further discussion on this topic, please visit the Archives of Scientific Psychology online public forum at http://arcblog.apa.org. (Lifetime Care and Support Authority of New South Wales, Australia; FT120100102 - Australian Research Council Future Fellowship; CE110001021 - Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders)Published versio

Silicon-on-insulator polarization controller with relaxed fabrication tolerances

Polarization control is essential in applications ranging from optical communications to interferometric sensors. The implementation of in- tegrated polarization controllers is challenging as they require polariza- tion rotating waveguides with stringent fabrication tolerances. Here, we present a fully integrated polarization controller scheme that signi cantly relaxes the requirements on the rotating waveguides, alleviating fabri- cation tolerances. We analytically establish a technology-independent, easily measurable tolerance condition for the rotating waveguides. Po- larization control in the presence of waveguide width errors of 25% is shown through full vectorial simulation.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech